Celebrating 20 Years of Free ART in India: A Milestone in HIV/AIDS Response

Launch Date: On April 1, 2004, the Indian government initiated Free Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) for People Living with HIV (PLHIV), marking a significant step in the fight against HIV/AIDS.
Historical Context: Before the availability of ART, HIV/AIDS was often seen as a death sentence, with limited access to expensive treatments.
Progress Over Two Decades: The free ART initiative expanded from less than 10 to around 700 ART centers, providing treatment to approximately 1.8 million PLHIV.
Impact on HIV Prevalence: The prevalence of HIV among 15-49 years has decreased to 0.20%, with a significant reduction in new HIV infections and AIDS-related mortalities.
Complementary Initiatives: Success attributed not just to free ART but also to free diagnostic facilities, prevention of parent-to-child transmission (PPTCT) services, and management of opportunistic infections.
Evolution of Treatment Policies: The adoption of 'Treat All' approach, early initiation of ART, and inclusion of newer, more effective drugs like Dolutegravir (DTG).
Challenges and Future Goals: Despite successes, challenges like delayed ART enrolment, loss to follow-up, and the need for sustained supply and private sector engagement remain. The National AIDS Control Programme aims to achieve the 95-95-95 targets by 2025.

Global Alignment: India's efforts are in line with UNAIDS global targets, aiming for a substantial reduction in new HIV infections and AIDS-related mortalities, and eliminating vertical transmission of HIV and syphilis.
Operational Challenges: Addressing late ART enrolment, ensuring continuity in treatment adherence, and integrating with other health programs are pivotal for future success.
Learning and Replication: The free ART initiative's success demonstrates the effectiveness of government-run health programs and sets a precedent for addressing other public health challenges, such as hepatitis C.

Reason it's important : The ART of India’s HIV/AIDS response

Published in : The Hindu

Date appeared in newspaper : 01 April 2024

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